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PSLV-C54 successfully places nine satellites in multiple orbits

Posted on November 29, 2022 by admin1  50

In News

  • Recently, ISRO’s PSLV-C54 successfully placed nine satellites which includes an Earth Observation Satellite (EOS-06) in multiple orbits.
    • This is the 56th flight of the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and the 24th flight of the PSLV-XL version.

About the launch

  • The eight nano satellites includes:
    • ISRO Nano Satellite-2 for Bhutan (INS-2B)
    • Anand
    • Astrocast (four satellites)
    • Two Thybolt satellites.
  • EOS-6 is the Oceansat series’ third-generation satellite.
    • EOS-06 is envisaged to observe ocean colour data, sea surface temperature and wind vector data to use in oceanography, climatic and meteorological applications. 

Upcoming missions

  • Aditya-L1: A coronagraphy spacecraft to study the solar atmosphere with a PSLV rocket. 
  • NavIC: ISRO will also launch a navigation satellite for the country’s NavIC constellation.

Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle

  • It is the third generation launch vehicle of India.
  • It is the first Indian launch vehicle to be equipped with liquid stages.
  • After its first successful launch in October 1994, PSLV emerged as the reliable and versatile workhorse launch vehicle of India.
  • Difference: PSLV was developed to launch low-Earth Orbit satellites into polar and sun synchronous orbits whereas GSLV was developed to launch the heavier INSAT class of geosynchronous satellites into orbit.

Types of orbits

Geostationary orbit (GEO):

  • Satellites in geostationary orbit (GEO) circle Earth above the equator from west to east following Earth’s rotation.
  • This makes satellites in GEO appear to be ‘stationary’ over a fixed position.
  • GEO is used by satellites that need to stay constantly above one particular place over Earth, such as telecommunication satellites.

 Low Earth orbit (LEO):

  • A low Earth orbit (LEO) is an orbit that is relatively close to Earth’s surface. 
  • It is normally at an altitude of less than 1000 km but could be as low as 160 km above Earth.
  • Unlike satellites in GEO that must always orbit along Earth’s equator, LEO satellites do not always have to follow a particular path around Earth in the same way their plane can be tilted.

Polar orbit and Sun-synchronous orbit (SSO):

  • Sun-synchronous orbit (SSO) is a particular kind of polar orbit. 
  • Satellites in SSO, traveling over the Polar Regions, are synchronous with the Sun. 
    • This means they are synchronized to always be in the same ‘fixed’ position relative to the Sun.
  • This means that the satellite will always observe a point on the Earth as if constantly at the same time of the day.

Source: TH

 
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